{"id":75,"date":"2015-09-27T10:59:36","date_gmt":"2015-09-27T10:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/magiteker.com\/?p=75"},"modified":"2019-04-06T13:57:45","modified_gmt":"2019-04-06T07:57:45","slug":"fluid-simulation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magiteker.com\/index.php\/2015\/09\/27\/fluid-simulation\/","title":{"rendered":"Fluid Simulation"},"content":{"rendered":"

Using cellular automata I implemented a simple fluid simulation into the Unity Engine. Each cell in this implementation represents a unit in space containing either fluid, air, or solid mass. For each frame of the simulation a calculation is made attempting to move all the fluid into a state of equilibrium, where the fluid in the surrounding cells roughly equals the fluid of the current cell.<\/p>\n

The physics of the simulation are modeled on the basics of fluid motion in a 2D environment, where fluid is first moved down then to the sides and finally up. The core implementation of the simulation is as follows<\/p>\n

\n            for (int y = 1; y &amp;lt; Row - 1f; ++y)\n            {\n                for (int x = 1; x &amp;lt; Column -1f; ++x)\n                {\n                    curr = caFront[x, y];\n                    flow = 0f;\n\n                    if (curr.cType != CellType.Solid &amp;amp;&amp;amp; curr.cellMass &amp;gt; 0)\n                    {\n\n                        rMass = curr.cellMass;\n\n                        \/\/Below\n                        if (rMass &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; caFront[x, y - 1].cType != CellType.Solid)\n                        {\n                            flow = stableMass(rMass + caFront[x, y - 1].cellMass) - caFront[x, y - 1].cellMass;\n                            if (flow &amp;gt; MinMass) flow *= 0.5f;\n\n                            flow = Mathf.Clamp(flow, 0f, Mathf.Min(spd, rMass));\n\n                            caBack[x, y].cellMass -= flow;\n                            caBack[x, y - 1].cellMass += flow;\n                            flowScore += flow;\n                            rMass -= flow;\n                        }\n\n                        \/\/Left\n                        if (rMass &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; caFront[x + 1, y].cType != CellType.Solid)\n                        {\n                            flow = (curr.cellMass - caFront[x + 1, y].cellMass) * 0.5f;\n                            if (flow &amp;gt; MinMass) flow *= 0.5f;\n\n                            flow = Mathf.Clamp(flow, 0f, rMass);\n\n                            caBack[x, y].cellMass -= flow;\n                            caBack[x + 1, y].cellMass += flow;\n                            flowScore += flow;\n                            rMass -= flow;\n                        }\n\n                        \/\/Right\n                        if (rMass &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; caFront[x - 1, y].cType != CellType.Solid)\n                        {\n                            flow = (curr.cellMass - caFront[x - 1, y].cellMass) * 0.5f;\n                            if (flow &amp;gt; MinMass) flow *= 0.5f;\n\n                            flow = Mathf.Clamp(flow, 0f, rMass);\n\n                            caBack[x, y].cellMass -= flow;\n                            caBack[x - 1, y].cellMass += flow;\n                            flowScore += flow;\n                            rMass -= flow;\n                        }\n\n                        \/\/Above\n                        if (rMass &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; caFront[x, y + 1].cType != CellType.Solid)\n                        {\n                            flow = rMass - stableMass(rMass + caFront[x, y + 1].cellMass);\n                            if (flow &amp;gt; MinMass) flow *= 0.5f;\n\n                            flow = Mathf.Clamp(flow, 0f, Mathf.Min(spd, rMass));\n\n                            caBack[x, y].cellMass -= flow;\n                            caBack[x, y + 1].cellMass += flow;\n                            flowScore += flow;\n                            rMass -= flow;\n                        }\n\n                    }\n                }\n            }\n\n<\/pre>\n
The determination of whether to move fluid happens using a calculation averaging the fluid mass of the currently considered neighbor cell and the current cell being processed like so<\/p>\n
\n        private float stableMass(float mass)\n        {\n            if (mass &amp;lt;= 1f)\n                return 1f;\n            else if (mass &amp;lt; 2f * MaxMass + MaxCompress)\n                return (MaxMass * MaxMass + mass * MaxCompress) \/ (MaxMass + MaxCompress);\n            else\n                return (mass + MaxCompress) * 0.5f;\n        }\n\n<\/pre>\n
After processing a cell the resulting data is updated to the data structure for the next frame to be drawn. Once all the cells have been updated the data structures for the current and next frame are swapped and the cells are redrawn from new current frame.<\/p>\n
\"fluid1\"<\/p>\n
\n
<\/center><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Using cellular automata I implemented a simple fluid simulation into the Unity Engine. Each cell in this implementation represents a unit in space containing either fluid, air, or solid mass. For each frame of the simulation a calculation is made attempting to move all the fluid into a state of equilibrium, where the fluid in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":498,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-code"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/fluid0.png?fit=513%2C321&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6MIgq-1d","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":517,"url":"https:\/\/magiteker.com\/index.php\/2016\/09\/02\/unity-synthesizer\/","url_meta":{"origin":75,"position":0},"title":"Unity Audio Wave Tutorial","author":"Frank O'Hanlon","date":"September 2, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Games are dynamic systems responding on different types of data inputs to create interesting results for the player. One such source of data is Audio which can at its best help the player have an emotional connection to what's happening on screen. So with this in mind utilizing audio is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Code"","block_context":{"text":"Code","link":"https:\/\/magiteker.com\/index.php\/category\/code\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/SynthEffect.png?fit=1154%2C418&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/SynthEffect.png?fit=1154%2C418&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/SynthEffect.png?fit=1154%2C418&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/SynthEffect.png?fit=1154%2C418&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magiteker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/SynthEffect.png?fit=1154%2C418&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":355,"url":"https:\/\/magiteker.com\/index.php\/2015\/10\/23\/unity-shader-experiments\/","url_meta":{"origin":75,"position":1},"title":"Unity Shader Primer","author":"Frank O'Hanlon","date":"October 23, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Shaders are one of the more obscure technologies within the Unity game engine, and while the documentation covers most of the shader language and functions it fails to provide comprehensive techniques that would result in compelling graphics. 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